巴西专利BR112012018285B1 SET OF FLOOR PANELS

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专利摘要:
mechanical locking system for floor panels on a tongue for this purpose. the present invention relates to floor panels (1b, 1c), which are provided with a mechanical locking system comprising a tongue with cantilevered arms that allows blocking by the vertical turning movement.
公开号:BR112012018285B1
申请号:R112012018285-4
申请日:2011-02-03
公开日:2020-02-18
发明作者:Darko Pervan；Agne Palsson
申请人:Välinge Innovation AB；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Descriptive Report of the Invention Patent for SET OF FLOOR PANELS.
Technical Field [0001] The present invention generally relates to the field of mechanical locking systems for floor panels and construction panels, especially floor panels, with mechanical locking systems, which are possible to lock with a vertical fold.
Field of application of the invention [0002] Modalities of the present invention are particularly suitable for use on floating floors, which are formed of floor panels that are mechanically joined with a locking system integrated with the floor panel, that is, assembled in the factory , which consist of one or more top layers of varnish, decorative laminate, solid surfaces based on powder, decorative plastic material and similar surfaces, an intermediate core of material based on wood fiber or plastic material, and preferably a lower layer of balancing on the rear side of the core. The following description of the known technology, the problems of known systems and objects and characteristics of the invention will, therefore, be a non-restrictive example, aiming above all in this field of application and in particular in the floating floor formed as rectangular floor panels with long and short sides intended to be mechanically joined on both long and short sides. The long and short sides are used mainly to simplify the description of the invention. The panels can be square and can have more than four sides, which are not parallel or perpendicular to each other.
[0003] It must be emphasized that the invention can be applied to any floor panel and it could be combined with all types of
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 7/29
2/15 pos of known locking system, where the floor panels are intended to be joined using a mechanical locking system connecting the panels in the horizontal and / or vertical directions on at least two adjacent sides. The invention can thus also be applicable to, for example, solid wooden floors, floor floors with a core of wood or material based on wood fiber and a surface of wood or veneer and the like, floors with a surface printed and, preferably also varnished, floors with a surface layer of plastic or cork, linoleum, rubber or the like and with core material that does not comprise wood material, for example, plastic or mineral fibers and the like. Even floors with hard surfaces such as stone, ceramics and the like, are included in floors with a soft wear layer, for example, needle felt glued to a board. The invention can also be used to join building panels, which preferably contain a board material for, for example, wall panels, ceilings, furniture components and the like. Background of the invention [0004] Laminate flooring generally comprises a core of
6-12 mm cardboard, an upper surface layer of decorative laminate of 0.1-0.8 mm thickness and a lower balancing layer of 0.1-0.6 mm thickness of laminated material, paper, plastic or similar. A laminated surface may comprise a paper impregnated with melamine. Recently, printed surfaces and free laminated surfaces based on wood fiber paper have been developed. The most common core material is cardboard with high density and good stability generally called HDF - High Density Cardboard. Sometimes also MDF Medium Density Cardboard - it is used as a core.
[0005] Floating laminate panels and wooden floors are general
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 8/29
3/15 mechanically joined by means of so-called mechanical locking systems. These systems comprise locking means, which lock the panels horizontally and vertically. Mechanical locking systems are usually formed by machining the panel core. Alternatively, parts of the locking system can be formed of separate materials, which are integrated with the floor panel, that is, joined with the floor panel in connection with its manufacture.
[0006] The main advantages of floating floors with mechanical locking systems are that they are easy to install. They can also be easily removed and used again at a different location. Although many improvements in production and function cost have been made over the years, there is still a need for further improvements.
Definition of some terms [0007] In the text below, the visible surface of the installed floor panel is called the front side, while the opposite side of the floor panel, facing the sub floor, is called the rear side. The edge between the front and rear side is called the join edge. Horizontal plane (HP) or main plane means a plane, which extends parallel to the outside of the surface layer. Immediately juxtaposed upper parts of the two adjacent joining edges of two floor panels joined together, define a vertical plane (PV) perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Horizontally is meant parallel to the horizontal plane and vertically parallel to the vertical plane. From above or above, it is understood towards the front side and from below or below, it is understood towards the rear side. Interior means essentially horizontally towards the inside of the panel and exterior means essentially horizontally and away from the
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 9/29
4/15 inside of the panel. By strip panel is meant a panel comprising a strip and a locking element. Slot panel means a panel with a locking slot designed to cooperate with a locking element for horizontal locking.
Known technology and problems thereof [0008] The description of the known technology below is in applicable parts also used in embodiments of the invention.
[0009] For the mechanical joining of the long sides as well as the short sides in the vertical and horizontal direction, various methods and locking systems can be used. One of the most used methods is the angled fitting method and one of the most used locking systems is a system made in one piece with the core. The long sides are installed and locked at an angle. The panel is then moved, while in the locked position, along the long side. The short sides are locked by horizontal snapping.
[00010] An alternative method is the so-called angulation method by which long and short sides are locked with angulation.
[00011] Recently, a new and simpler method has been developed in which all floor panels can be joined with just bending one of the long edges. This installation method, commonly referred to as vertical folding, is described in figures 1-4.
[00012] A new panel 1c is locked to a first panel previously installed 1a with an angle. This angulation action automatically connects a short edge of the new panel 1c with a short adjacent edge of a second panel 1b, which is installed and locked to the first panel 1a. The vertical and horizontal locking of the curved edges 1b, 1c takes place with a similar vertical turning movement
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 10/29
5/15 and scissors where a flexible tab is gradually moved inward from one edge to the other, when a long side of a new panel 1c is angled connected to a long edge of a first panel 1a previously installed in an adjacent line. The flexible tongue, which in most cases is made of a plastic section, automatically engages and locks when folding the new panel 1c when it is angled downwards to the subfloor. The movable tongue is moved twice, first inward into a displacement groove 32 and then outwardly into a tongue groove 31. Flexibility is caused by a horizontal flexion of the tongue along the joint. A part of the flexible tongue is during folding pressed into its internal position, as shown in figure 2 and other parts are in a completely unlocked position. The flexible tongue fits into a locked end position when both edges 1b, 1c are in the same plane, as shown in figure 3 and lock vertically. A strip 6 with a locking element 8 cooperates with a locking slot 14 and locks the panels horizontally.
[00013] The flexible tab is usually connected to an edge of the strip panel 1 b. It could also be connected to slot panel 1 c. One of the most used tongues on the market is a bristle tongue, as shown in Figure 4, which has an inner part comprising several flexible projections 10 and a rigid outer part 30 '.
[00014] The main problems with known flexible tongues are that the tongue must be made of materials that are quite flexible, that the groove creates a resistance during folding and that most of the tongue must be moved into a groove during locking.
[00015] The function of a folding locking system for
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 11/29
6/15 bass of the type described above can be improved if the locking could be done without a two-way snap action described above and with only limited displacement and flexing material. It would be an advantage if the tongue could be connected to a groove in a very fixed way.
[00016] There are known systems that could be locked with vertical rotation combined with torsion, as shown, for example, in WO 2008/004960, figure 6 (Innovation Valinge AB). There are several disadvantages related to locking systems of this type. The tongue is difficult to connect within a groove since the entire tongue must rotate vertically during locking. A large part of the tongue is exposed in the direction of an open groove. This makes the entire locking system very sensitive to cutting the panel through the joint and the tongue could easily be damaged or fall out of the groove. The tongue can also rotate during transport and material handling. A considerable amount of material must be removed in order to form cavities or grooves that could house locking swing systems. This affects the stability of the edge in a negative way.
Summary of the invention [00017] A basic objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an improved mechanical locking system comprising a tongue that locks automatically during folding without any interlocking parts that are displaced in and out during locking.
[00018] A first specific objective of the modalities is to create a non-fitting tongue with a simple cross section that could be connected in a fixing groove with limited depth extending horizontally, which surrounds and protects a greater part of the tongue.
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 12/29
7/15 [00019] A second specific objective of the modalities is to create a tongue where the main part of the tongue could be fixed firmly in a groove and where only parts of the tongue are moved in and / or out of the fixation groove .
[00020] The objectives above the modalities of the invention are achieved totally or partially by a mechanical locking system and floor panels, according to the independent claim. Modalities of the invention are evident from the dependent claims and the description and drawings.
[00021] According to a first aspect of the invention, a set of floor panels is provided, which are mechanically connectable to each other along a pair of adjacent edges by a vertical turning movement, so that upper edges of junction of said floor panels in the connected state define a vertical plane. Each of said floor panels comprises a tongue on a first edge of a panel having a length direction that extends parallel to the first edge and a groove of the tongue on a second opposite edge of the panel to receive the tongue of an adjacent panel. to mechanically lock said adjacent edges together in a vertical direction. The tongue has an inner part mounted in a lateral opening groove in the first edge and an outer part extending beyond the vertical plane. The internal part is fixed in the lateral opening groove. The tongue comprises one or more swinging arms that extend in the direction of the length of the tongue. Each swinging arm comprises a displaceable pressure boss which, during locking, is in contact with the second edge and a movable locking boss which in the locked position cooperates with the tongue groove. The locking projections are moved outward and away from the main body of the line
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 13/29
8/15 ghetto, when the pressure boss is pressed and moved inwards towards the inner part of the tongue.
[00022] Said floor panels may further comprise a locking element formed in one piece with the panel on the first edge and a locking groove on the second opposite edge. The locking slot is opened towards a rear side of the panel that faces a subfloor. The locking element and the locking groove form a horizontal mechanical connection perpendicular to the vertical plane. The tongue preferably comprises resilient parts, formed from a material separate from that of the core. The panels can be mechanically joined together with vertical folding by displacing said two panels in relation to each other with a combined vertical and rotating movement. The pressure and locking projection of each swinging arm is preferably positioned in different vertical and horizontal positions.
[00023] According to a second aspect of the invention, a tongue is provided comprising a main body having the tongue in an elongated shape and a length direction. The tongue is intended to be connected within a groove formed in a construction panel in which the tongue comprises one or more cantilevered arms located along its length and which extend in the direction of the length of the tongue. A part of the cantilevered arm is moved outwardly away from the main body of the tongue, when the other part of the cantilevered arm is pressed and moved inward towards the main body of the tongue.
[00024] The locking system and tongue described above allow the panels to be automatically locked during vertical folding or vertical displacement, without any interlocking parts that are active and that create interlocking resistance. Strong locking could be achieved with a tongue that has flexibility
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 14/29
9/15 limited and that is fixed inside the fixing groove during production, transport and installation. Only a very limited horizontal swing of the swing arm is required to lock the panels vertically.
[00025] The modalities and principles related to vertical locking could also be used to connect construction panels with a horizontal offset.
[00026] The tongue is preferably connected at the factory, but could of course be supplied in raw pieces or as a separate loose component and inserted into a groove during installation.
Brief Description of the Drawings [00027] Figures 1-4 illustrate the known technique.
[00028] Figures 5a-d illustrate embodiments of the invention.
[00029] Figures 6a-f illustrate vertical folding with rotating tongue parts.
[00030] Figures 7a-d illustrate a tongue blank and a second embodiment with an inclined displacement groove.
[00031] Figure 7e illustrates a locking system that locks the edges in a horizontal movement.
Description of the Modalities of the Invention [00032] To facilitate understanding, the various locking systems in the figures are shown schematically. It must be emphasized that improved or different functions can be achieved using combinations of the preferred modalities.
[00033] Figures 5a-5d show a tongue according to an embodiment of the invention. Figures 5a and 5b show a tongue 30, which is inserted into a fixing groove 32 of a panel 1b, comprises an internal part IP with a main body of the tongue 29 and
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 15/29
10/15 a swinging arm that is connected with a fixing device 21 of the main body of the tongue 29.
[00034] Figure 5c shows that the swinging arm comprises a pressure protrusion 22 located on a pressure arm 26 and a locking projection 23 located on a locking arm 27. The swinging arm is designed in such a way that the locking projection 23 is moved outwardly away from the main body of the tongue 29, when the pressure projection 22 is pressed and moved inwards towards the main body of the tongue 29. The swinging arm is preferably designed in such a way that it could pan horizontally about 3 - 10 degrees during locking. Rotation is facilitated by a cavity 51, which is formed between the main body of the tongue 29 and the pressure arm 26 allowing the pressure arm to be rotated and moved inwards towards the main body of the tongue. A cavity 52 is preferably also formed between the fixing arm 27 and the main body of the tongue 29.
[00035] Several cantilevered arms are preferably located along the direction of the length L of the tongue as shown in figures 5b and 5d. The swinging arms can have different shapes and lengths and some can be mirror-shaped and oriented in different directions along the tongue. It is preferred that the swinging arms have a length, which exceeds the depth of the fixing groove 32.
[00036] The tongue is preferably connected to the fixing groove 32 with friction connections 28. Several tongues can be connected within a groove along the edge, but also over and under each other. The friction connections 28 could be as designed in such a way that the tongue is connected in a very loose way or in a very fixed way with firm friction. Even glue or plug connections, where the core material is curved or compressed
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 16/29
11/15 do, can be used to fix the tongue inside the fixing groove 32. The friction connections 28 could be located in protruding parts that could flex vertically, in order to eliminate production tolerances.
[00037] Figures 6a-f show vertical folding and a connection of two adjacent edges 1 b, 1 c with a combined vertical and turning motion. The tongue is preferably connected to the strip panel 1b comprising a strip 6 with a locking element 8 which cooperates with a locking groove 14 on an edge of the adjacent panel, for horizontal locking of the edges. The tongue can also be connected to the groove panel 30 comprising the locking groove 14 and a tongue groove 31. Figure 6d shows two cross sections AA and BB of two adjacent edges 1b and 1c in an unlocked position. AA is a cut in the locking projection 23 and BB is a cut in the pressure projection 22 which is also shown in figures 6b and 6c. The locking projection 23 is in its internal position and pressing the projection 22 is in its external position and protrudes beyond the vertical plane VP. The groove panel 1c preferably comprises a smaller sliding surface 41, preferably formed as a chamfer, which cooperates with a preferably slanted or rounded upper surface 42 of the pressure projection 22.
[00038] Figure 6e shows that the pressure projection 22 is pressed inwards by a lower part of the groove panel 1c, preferably the lower sliding surface 41 and causes a swinging movement of the swing arm, as shown in the figures 6b and 6c, such that the locking projection 23 is moved outwardly in the direction of a tongue groove 31 formed at the adjacent edge. The rotation is performed mainly with a flexion of the resilient fixation device 21.
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 17/29
12/15 [00039] Figure 6f shows cross sections of the edges in the locking position when the locking projection 23 is in contact with the tongue groove 31 and locks the edges in a vertical parallel direction to the vertical plane VP. The pressure protrusion 22 is locked horizontally against a locking edge 45 of the groove panel 1c. The outer part 46 of the pressure boss 22 is preferably located below the outer part 47 of the locking boss 23.
[00040] Locking could be achieved essentially with just the turning movement in essentially a horizontal plane. The pressure and locking projections are preferably rotating essentially in the same plane. Such rotation is facilitated if the tongue groove 31 and the locking projection 23 preferably have contact surfaces 43, 44 which are inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. Such an inclination is preferably 10 - 50 degrees. It is an advantage if the locking surface of the tongue groove 44 is more inclined than the locking surface 43 of the locking projection 23.
[00041] The locking could also be combined with flexing of the pressure and locking arms. The locking system could also be designed in such a way that the locking projection creates pressure against the adjacent edge during locking whereby the swinging arm is slightly flexed during locking and / or in the locked position. This pressure is released partially or completely when the tongue groove 31 is in a position that allows the outer part 47 of the locking projection to enter the tongue groove 31.
[00042] It is preferred that the final locking be done with horizontal pre-tension between the locking projection and the tongue groove. Such prior tension is used to overcome production tolerances.
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 18/29
13/15 tion and to press the adjacent edges 1 b, 1 c vertically towards each other, in order to preferably make a tight vertical adjustment between strip 6 and the adjacent junction part 53 of the groove panel 1 c.
[00043] The configuration of the swing arms could be adapted to the contact angles of the adjacent edges during folding. Figure 6a shows that a pressure against a pressure boss located near the long side edge 1 b 'and at a distance from the other pressure bosses starts at an angle greater than the pressure against a pressure boss located near the side edge. opposite long free 1 b.
[00044] Long and short edges are used to simplify the description. The panels could be square.
[00045] Figures 7a, 7b show a tongue and a tongue blank 50 comprising several tongues. Very advanced tongue shapes could be formed with injection-molded plastic components and each swinging arm could be individually designed. The cross section of a pressure and / or locking projection can vary between the swinging arms located along the tongue.
[00046] It is an advantage if the swing arms are compact and located close to each other in such a way that a lot of locking projections is active during locking. On small, thick panels, only one swing arm may be sufficient. In most applications, several swing arms should be used. The distance D between the fixing devices 21 should preferably not exceed four times the thickness T of the floors. Very compact tongues could be made where the distance D between the clamping devices 21 is only about 2 times the thickness of the floor. This means that a locking system on a laminate floor
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 19/29
14/15 swimming of 7-10 mm can comprise several locking projections with a distance of about 2 cm and this gives a very strong vertical locking.
[00047] The distance between the fixing devices 21 along the tongue is preferably greater than the distance between the pressure and locking projections 22, 23.
[00048] It is an advantage if the locking projection 23 is very compact, as shown in figure 7c. The length of the pressure protrusion along the edge is preferably less than the thickness of the floor.
[00049] Figure 7d shows that it could be an advantage if the fixing groove 32 was inclined against the horizontal plane HP. This facilitates the insertion of the tongue into the fixing groove and the rotation of the pressure extension could be done with a lower pressure force. This embodiment comprises a locking element 8 and a locking slot 14 which have angled cooperating locking surfaces. This mode can also be locked and unlocked with an angle.
[00050] The principles described above can be used to provide locking systems that fits in the same way as known systems. The pressure and / or locking protrusion could be formed in such a way that they are moved in and out during locking in such a way that they fit into a groove in the tongue.
[00051] Figure 7e shows that all the principles and modalities described above can be used to lock floor panels horizontally, with a horizontal offset each against the other. The tongue 30 is located in a vertically extending fixing groove 32 ', which could be formed in the groove panel 1' with its opening towards the rear side or over the
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 20/29
15/15 strip panel 1 with its opening to the front side. A tongue 10 and the groove 9 could be used to lock the panels vertically. The cantilevered arms in this mode would rotate or fit in a vertical plane. The fixing groove could be angled and several rounded or chamfered sliding surfaces could be used to facilitate vertical rotation or rocking of the arms.
[00052] All known materials that are described and used in down-folding systems of the type described in figures 1-4 could be used to form the tongues according to the invention. The cantilevered tabs could be adapted to fit in a displacement groove of the known bristle tabs and the same insertion equipment could be used.
[00053] The swing arms can, of course, be formed with one or two legs and in a way that could be bent in and out during locking. Such a tongue could be used to connect floor panels with locking actions where the cantilevered arms are moved inwards and are locked out during locking.

权利要求:
Claims (14)
[1]
1. Set of floor panels (1b, 1c), which are mechanically connectable to each other along a pair of adjacent edges by a vertical movement, so that the upper joining edges of said floor panels in the connected state define a vertical plane (VP), each of said floor panels comprising:
a tongue (30) on a first edge of a panel (1b), having a length direction (L) extending parallel to the first edge;
a tongue groove (31) on a second opposite edge (1c) of the panel for receiving the tongue of an adjacent panel to mechanically lock said adjacent edges together in the vertical direction;
where the tongue has an inner part (IP) mounted in a fixation groove opened laterally (32) on the first edge and an outer part (OP) that extends beyond the vertical plane VP, the inner part (IP) is fixed in the groove opened laterally (32), where the tongue comprises at least one swinging arm (20) extending in the direction of the length L of the tongue, the swinging arm comprising a displaceable pressure boss (22) which, during the locking is in contact with the second edge and a displaceable locking projection (23) which, in the locking position, cooperates with the tongue groove (31), characterized by the fact that the locking projections (23) are displaced outwards and away from a main body of the tongue (29), by at least one swinging arm (20) rotating about an axis which is perpendicular to the length direction of the tongue (30) when the pressure boss is pressed and shifted to inwards towards the inner part of the tongue (30),
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 22/29
[2]
2/4 the pressure protrusion (22) protrudes from a pressure arm (26) and the locking protrusion (23) protrudes from a locking arm (27), the locking protrusion (23) is locked against the tongue groove (31) with pre-tension in the locked position, the tongue groove (31) and the locking projection (23) have locking surfaces (43, 44) that are inclined with respect to the horizontal plane ; and the tongue groove locking surface (44) is more inclined than the locking surface (43) of the locking projection (23).
2. Set of floor panels, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the inner part (IP) of the tongue (30) comprises the main body of the tongue (29) and the at least one swinging arm (20 ) comprises a fixing device (21) that connects the swing arm with the main body of the tongue (29).
[3]
3. Set of floor panels according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the fixing device (21) is flexible and located between the pressure boss (22) and the locking boss (23).
[4]
4. Floor panel assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tongue groove (31) is formed in a core of the panel and is opened towards the vertical plane.
[5]
5. Floor panel assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the floor panels are provided with a horizontal mechanical connection that locks the panels horizontally and perpendicular to the vertical plane.
[6]
6. Set of floor panels, according to claim
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 23/29
3/4 tion 5, characterized by the fact that the horizontal mechanical connection comprises a locking element (8) formed in one piece with the panel on the first edge and a locking groove (14) on the second opposite edge, the groove being locking open towards a rear side of the panel facing a subfloor.
[7]
7. Set of floor panels according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said first and second opposite edges of the floor panels are mechanically connectable by vertical folding, a combined vertical and rotating movement.
[8]
A set of floor panels according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the tongue (30) comprises resilient parts formed from a material separate from the core.
[9]
9. Set of floor panels, according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the resilient parts are formed of an injection-molded plastic material.
[10]
10. Set of floor panels according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the fixing groove (32) is opened towards the vertical plane (VP).
[11]
11. Floor panel assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure protrusion (22) comprises the outside of the tongue, in an unconnected state and the locking protrusion (23) comprises the outside in a connected state.
[12]
12. Floor panel assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the swinging arms (20) during locking are rotating in a horizontal plane (HP) parallel to the panel surface and perpendicular to the vertical plane (VP).
Petition 870190129437, of 12/06/2019, p. 24/29
4/4
[13]
13. A set of floor panels according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the swinging arms (20) are spaced from each other in the direction of the length of the tongue (30).
[14]
14. Set of floor panels according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the projections (22, 23) are spaced from the main body of the tongue (29) and in which the tongue (30) comprises cavities ( 52, 53) formed between the main body of the tongue (29) and the swinging arm (20).

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

CN102725464A|2012-10-10|

BR112012018285A2|2018-06-05|

US9428919B2|2016-08-30|

US20150068151A2|2015-03-12|

MY159581A|2017-01-13|

US20130042564A1|2013-02-21|

RU2549629C2|2015-04-27|

RU2012135691A|2014-03-10|

US20140260060A1|2014-09-18|

US8776473B2|2014-07-15|

WO2011096879A1|2011-08-11|

CN102725464B|2015-01-07|

CA2786680A1|2011-08-11|

CA2786680C|2018-06-12|

EP2531667A1|2012-12-12|

EP2531667A4|2017-06-14|

EP2531667B1|2020-08-26|

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